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Physical Metallography


SGS provides technical expertise in consulting, engineering, and testing in the fields of failure analysis, inspection, corrosion, welding inspection, fire investigation and materials selection. Also known as physical metallography, it is the study of physical structure and components of metals, typically using microscopes.  We also provide technical advice and assistance in making the right material choices.

Our technical staff, which is composed of registered engineers, posses a combination of industrial skills, extensive experience in different failure analysis backgrounds, and academic training (Ph. D. and Masters Degrees in mechanics and metallurgy). Our professionals have broad experience in identification of the mode and root cause of failure with over 1000 investigations. They can also spot potential problem areas, improve existing products and develop new products and materials designed to meet specific requirements.

Engineering Capabilities

SGS provides you with rapid turn-around times and creative problem-solving abilities. We specialize in consulting, engineering, and testing in the fields of failure analysis. With our equipment, we can establish the link between failure mechanisms, properties, and microstructures. Our fully equipped testing laboratory offers rapid answers and accurate results for more than twenty different tests in the areas of:

  • Mechanical testing
  • Chemical analysis
  • Microscopic analysis
  • Humidity testing
  • Salt spray testing
  • SEM and EDX analysis

Laboratory Testing Capabilities:

With an experienced staff, SGS has built a reputation as an industry leader in the field of metallurgical testing by meeting and exceeding customers’ expectations for accuracy and time requirements. SGS testing capabilities include:

Chemical Analysis

  • Carbon and sulfur, combustion-leco
  • Metal gas analysis
    • Hydrogen
    • Nitrogen
    • Oxygen
  • Optical emission spectrographic (OES)
    • Wet Chemistry

Mechanical Testing

  • Field Testing
    • Hardness
    • Telebrinell
  • Lab Testing
    • Fracture toughness
    • Compression testing
    • Bend testing
    • Tensile testing
      • Elevated temperature
      • Room temperature
    • Microhardness
    • Rockwell
    • Impact testing

Metallography

  • Field testing (replica)
  • Lab testing
  • Case depth measurement
  • Coating and plating thickness
  • Ferrite content
  • Grain flow
  • Grain size
  • Heat treat condition
  • Inclusion rating
  • Material defects
  • Microhardness
  • Microstructure
  • Porosity
  • Surface chemistry
    • Carburization/decarburization
  • Surface evaluation

Weld Testing

SGS conducts procedure, performance, and production weld testing. We can asses mechanical, chemical, metallurgical, impact and hardness properties to various institute standards including:

  • CSA
  • ASME
  • AWS

Machining Capabilities

  • SGS laboratories have complete facilities for machining specimens. These capabilities include:
    • Conventional mills, lathes and surface grinders
    • Elaborate gauging equipment
    • Machine tools are available for:
      • Fabrication of special fixturing
      • Test systems
      • Components to meet the most elaborate testing configurations

When the failure implies material damages and/or personal injuries, we can find the cause of the failure and we can aid in establishing the responsibility. We advise the legal and insurance community and we provide expert testimony in civil litigation.

At SGS, we are fully dedicated to help, assist and make a difference to our clients. With a perfect combination between a skilled staff and the right equipment, SGS can help you solve your current problems and offers solutions to avoid these problems in the future.

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